international trading
Mohammad Matash Yar ahmadi; Minireh Rafat; Seyed Komail Tayebi
Abstract
This paper investigates the factors affecting export diversification in Iran. As deducted from heterogeneous trade theory, the main variables of interest in this paper's baseline specification are entry and trade costs. For this purpose, Theil index is calculated for export diversification. This ...
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This paper investigates the factors affecting export diversification in Iran. As deducted from heterogeneous trade theory, the main variables of interest in this paper's baseline specification are entry and trade costs. For this purpose, Theil index is calculated for export diversification. This index is obtained for ten selected two-digit commodity codes in the HS coordinate system. Then the basic model is introduced and estimated by the generalized least squares (GLS) method. Estimated results show that diversification depends negatively on domestic and foreign market entry costs. Therefore, reducing the unnecessary rules for setting up enterprises, customs regulations, creating transportation and financial facilities can help to improve the Iran's export diversification.
Seyed Komail Tayebi; Mohammad Omidinezhad; Abbas Motahari Nejad
Volume 13, Issue 41 , February 2010, , Pages 1-28
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to measure cost and profit efficiency for the Iran's commercial and public banks. We also determine time variant efficiency factors for period 1381-1384 (2001-2004). To measure the efficiency, we use stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and error component model following ...
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The purpose of this research is to measure cost and profit efficiency for the Iran's commercial and public banks. We also determine time variant efficiency factors for period 1381-1384 (2001-2004). To measure the efficiency, we use stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and error component model following Battese and Coelli (1992) using the Maximum Likelihood method and a panel data. Labor, physical capital, and financial capital are considered as inputs, and loans, bonds and other earning assets as outputs. The results show that most of the private banks are more efficient in profit efficiency than public banks, while most of the public banks are more efficient than private banks in cost efficiency. The cost efficiency has decreased but the profit efficiency has increased for the period under consideration. Profit efficiency is not positively correlated with cost efficiency, suggesting the possibility that cost and revenue inefficiencies may be negatively correlated. Cost efficiency ranges from 46.88 percent (Bank Saderat) to 91.58 percent (Bank Tejarat) with an average of 68.8 percent, and profit efficiency from 61.16 percent (Bank Melli) to 94.85 percent (Bank Sepah) with an average of 85.3 percent. Average and variance of profit efficiency is more than those of cost efficiency, implying profit efficiency is influenced by more variables.
Karim Azarbaijani; Seyed Komail Tayyebi; Asghar Hagh Shenas
Volume 7, Issue 24 , October 2005, , Pages 145-169
Abstract
The importance of intra-industry trade (IIT) is in the conjunction with its role in exploring trade potentials in all countries, and interpreting the trade relations among themselves. This paper strikes to calculate the extent of Iran’s IIT using Gruble and Lloyd index (G-L) during 1998-2002, while ...
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The importance of intra-industry trade (IIT) is in the conjunction with its role in exploring trade potentials in all countries, and interpreting the trade relations among themselves. This paper strikes to calculate the extent of Iran’s IIT using Gruble and Lloyd index (G-L) during 1998-2002, while a relevant test indicates that there is no significant difference between G-L method and other IIT measurements for the results obtained. This study has focused on analyzing two different commodity groups. First, IIT index has been measured at the 5-digit level of the ISIC, so that the computed IIT on average for 1998 and 2002 are 17.14 and 27.82 percent, respectively. Second, the IIT at the 6- digit level of the HS[1] for these years are calculated as about 9.28 and 14.2 percent, respectively. The latter is much different from the former calculation in which its ratio is higher than that of the later classification even though both results have a similar direction in changes. Additionally, the paper has calculated the regional IIT index to evaluate the position of Iran’s trade partners in the selected trading blocks. The results reveal that Iran’s IIT has the most similarity and convergence with the OIC[2] implying the realization of the Islamic Common Market (ICM). 1. Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) 2. Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC)
Seyed Komail Tayyebi; Homayoun Ranjbar
Volume 6, Issue 21 , February 2005, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
This paper tends to estimate the long-run import budget share, arising from various supplying resources for Iran. The formulation is based upon typical model of the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). After estimating import demand, we test the hypothesizes that import demand is homothetic, ...
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This paper tends to estimate the long-run import budget share, arising from various supplying resources for Iran. The formulation is based upon typical model of the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). After estimating import demand, we test the hypothesizes that import demand is homothetic, homogenous and symmetric. Using the dynamic adjustment process of the first order of Error Correction Model (ECM), the paper estimates the long-run balanced import budget shares, domestic sales share as well as long-run expenditure and compensated price elasticites over the 1978-2002 period. Estimation results obtained indicate that implementing trade liberalization policy can possibly lead the share of domestic sales to decline, while total import budget share to grow resulting in trade expansion, and particularly, trade flows to be deviate from other partners to Iran’s second ten major trading partners.
Seyed Komeyl Tayebi; Mahdi Jamshidian; Seyed Hossein Madani
Volume 2, Issue 7 , February 2001, , Pages 101-120
Abstract
This paper examines the effectiveness of financial rewards on the production process of hot rolling mill in Mobarekeh Steel Complex. The authors hypothesize that the policy of financial rewards granting to personnel plays a positive and significant role to a certain extent in production effectiveness. ...
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This paper examines the effectiveness of financial rewards on the production process of hot rolling mill in Mobarekeh Steel Complex. The authors hypothesize that the policy of financial rewards granting to personnel plays a positive and significant role to a certain extent in production effectiveness. It also postulates that rises in direct labour time, electricity and gas energies as well as machinery equipment and materials lead to an improvement in steel products that will be accepted by quality control unit and met with customer satisfaction.To analyze the impacts of such determinants on production, an econometric Cobb-Douglas production model is specified and estimated using monthly data over the period of 1372:1-1376:12.A dummy variable is employed in the model to indicate the effect of financial rewards on the production process, defining a policy for two separate periods in which workers mayor may not benefit from such rewards. Estimation results confirm that the hypothesis cannot be rejected and all explanatory variables have direct impacts on the dependant production variable.Finally, a scenario of a 10 percent increase in the direct labor time, as an alternative policy, is conducted to show its effect on the model through a simulation procedure. Results reveal that the production process of the hot rolling mill in Mobarekeh Steel Complex is substantially influenced.
